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On an issue where the courts are split, a judge in Washington State says that the debtors lose the post-petition appreciation in the value of estate property when a chapter 13 case converts to chapter 7.

Exemptions never come into play with inherited 401(k)s because they aren’t estate property in the first place, Judge Hodges explains.

A chapter 13 debtor was permitted to make a fraction of the pension contributions permitted by the IRS Code.

At least in New York, a litigation finance agreement can’t be written to remove all of the lender’s exposure to the borrower’s bankruptcy.